Oil and gas companies would pay more to drill on public lands under new Biden rule
Thursday, July 20,2023

Oil and gas companies would pay more to drill on public lands under new Biden rule© Provided by The Canadian Press

WASHINGTON (AP) — Energy companies would have to pay more to drill on public lands and satisfy stronger requirements to clean up old or abandoned wells under a new rule announced Thursday by the Biden administration.

A rule proposed by the Interior Department raises royalty rates for oil drilling by more than one-third, to 16.67%, in accordance with the sweeping climate law approved by Congress last year. The previous rate of 12.5% paid by oil and gas companies for federal drilling rights had remained unchanged for a century. The federal rate was significantly lower than what many states and private landowners charge for drilling leases on state or private lands.

The new rule does not go so far as to prohibit new oil and gas leasing on public lands, as many environmental groups have urged and as President Joe Biden promised during the 2020 campaign. But officials said the proposal would lead to a more responsible leasing process that provides a better return to U.S. taxpayers.

The plan codifies provisions in the climate law, known as the Inflation Reduction Act, as well as the 2021 infrastructure law and recommendations from an Interior report on oil and gas leasing issued in November 2021.

The new rule “provides a fair return to taxpayers, adequately accounts for environmental harms and discourages speculation by oil and gas companies,'' said Laura Daniel-Davis, principal deputy assistant Interior secretary for land and minerals management.

Interior "is committed to creating a more transparent, inclusive and just approach to leasing and permitting that serves the public interest while protecting natural and cultural resources on our public lands,″ she added.

The new royalty rate set by the climate law is expected to remain in place until August 2032, after which it can be increased, and bring in at least $100 million a year in that period, according to the Interior Department.

The rule also would increase the minimum leasing bond paid by energy companies to $150,000, up from the previous $10,000 established in 1960. The higher bonding requirement is intended to ensure that companies meet their obligations to clean up drilling sites after they are done or cap wells that are abandoned.

The previous level was far too low to force companies to act and did not cover potential costs to reclaim a well, officials said. As a result, taxpayers frequently end up covering cleanup costs for abandoned or depleted wells if an operator refuses to do so or declares bankruptcy. Hundreds of thousands of “orphaned” oil and gas wells and abandoned coal and hardrock mines pose serious safety hazards, while causing ongoing environmental damage.

The Interior Department has made available more than $1 billion in the past two years from the infrastructure law to clean up orphaned oil and gas wells on public lands. The new rule aims to prevent that burden from falling on taxpayers in the future.

Bureau of Land Management Director Tracy Stone-Manning, whose agency issued the new rule, said the proposal “aims to ensure fairness to the taxpayer and balanced, responsible development as we continue to transition to a clean energy economy. It includes common-sense and needed fiscal revisions to BLM’s program, many directed by Congress.”

The BLM, an Interior Department agency, oversees more than 245 million acres of public lands, primarily in the West.

Environmental groups hailed the rule change as overdue and said the Biden administration recognized that business as usual by the oil and gas industry is incompatible with increased risks from climate change — a crisis the oil industry played a large role in creating.

“These changes were badly needed — to put it mildly — and will help make onshore leasing more fair to taxpayers and hold industry accountable for its harms,'' said Josh Axelrod of the Natural Resources Defense Council.

But he and other advocates said Biden should keep his promise to end new drilling on public lands. “In addition to making polluters pay with these fiscal reforms, it’s time for the Biden administration to align our federal fossil fuel program with America’s transition to a clean energy economy,'' said Mattea Mrkusic of Evergreen Action, another environmental group.

The oil industry said the rule change would discourage oil and gas production in the United States.

“Responsible development of federal lands is critical for meeting the growing demand for affordable, reliable energy while reducing (greenhouse gas) emissions,'' said Holly Hopkins, vice president of the American Petroleum Institute, an industry lobbying group.

“Amidst a global energy crisis, this action from the Department of the Interior is yet another attempt to add even more barriers to future energy production,'' she said.

The proposal issued Thursday follows an Interior report on federal oil and gas leasing issued in November 2021. Biden ordered the report soon after taking office in January 2021 as he directed a pause in federal oil and gas lease sales, citing worries about climate change.

The moratorium drew sharp criticism from congressional Republicans and the oil industry, even as many environmentalists and Democrats urged Biden to make the leasing pause permanent.

The moratorium was overturned by the courts, and oil and gas lease sales have resumed, including some mandated by the climate law in a compromise with Democratic Sen. Joe Manchin of West Virginia.

A separate Biden administration proposal would put conservation on equal footing with industry on public lands. A BLM plan would allow conservationists and others to lease federally owned land to restore it, much the same way oil companies buy leases to drill and ranchers pay to graze cattle.

Environmentalists say the plan would benefit wildlife, outdoor recreation and conservation, but critics, including Republican lawmakers and the agriculture industry, say it could exclude mining, energy development and agriculture.

The rules on oil and gas and public lands use are both expected to become final next year.

Matthew Daly, The Associated Press

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Tony Bennett liberated concentration camp while serving in WWII, described war as 'front-row seat in hell'

Story by Ashley Hume, Larry Fink • Saturday, July 22, 2023

Before Tony Bennett launched his seven decades-long career in show business, the late legendary jazz singer served his country in the European theater during the last stages of World War II.

Bennett, who died on Friday at the age of 96, was drafted into the U.S. Army at the age of 18 in 1944 and began his service a year later when he was sent to fight on the front lines following heavy casualties suffered by the Allied Forces at the Battle of the Bulge.

The 20-time Grammy Award winner later recounted his harrowing wartime experiences in his 1998 autobiography "The Good Life," in which he described how serving in WWII had shaped the rest of his life.

"The main thing I got out of my military experience was the realization that I am completely opposed to war," Bennett wrote, per Military.com. "Although I understand why this war was fought, it was a terrifying, demoralizing experience for me... life can never be the same once you've been through combat."

TONY BENNETT: HIS LIFE IN PHOTOS

Before rising to fame as a singer, Tony Bennett served in the U.S. Army during the final months of World War II. Getty/TonyBennett.com© Getty/TonyBennett.com

After being drafted in November 1944, Bennett — born Anthony Dominick Benedetto — was sent to Fort Dix, New Jersey where he completed his basic training. Bennett became an infantry rifleman at Fort Robinson, Arkansas before he was shipped to Le Havre, France at the end of 1944.

TONY BENNETT IN HIS OWN WORDS: ‘I FEEL THAT I HAVE BEEN TRULY BLESSED’

The future crooner was assigned to 255th Infantry Regiment, 63rd Infantry Division, which was known as the "Blood and Fire" division. He was a part of replacement troops who were sent to refill the ranks of units who perished during the Battle of the Bulge.

Marc Myers, a contributor for the Wall Street Journal and author of the book "Anatomy of a Song," interviewed Bennett five times about his life, including his time in the military. He told Fox News Digital, "Tony was certain he was going to die."

Myers continued, "He was certain when he got that draft notice in '44, he was certain he was going to die. He just knew it. He just felt it. And he went."

In "The Good Life," Bennett recalled that many of the troops had little or no training prior to being sent to the front lines.

"Snow covered the ground and the front was a front-row seat in hell," Bennett wrote, per Military.com. "It was an absolutely terrifying spectacle."



Bennett recounted his harrowing wartime experiences in his 1998 autobiography "The Good Life." TonyBennett.com© TonyBennett.com

"There's no training because there's nobody to train Tony and the rest of the group that shows up there," Myers said. "And they've got to dig foxholes in frozen ground. And it's just hard to imagine Tony Bennett, this upbeat guy in some respects, as he's digging. I have to assume one thinks one's digging one's own grave. I mean, you're in a war. People are dying. You've seen casualties. It's a horror show."


TONY BENNETT AND LADY GAGA: THE MUSIC DUO'S LEGENDARY COLLABORATION

Myers continued, "He's really had the life punched out of him at this point. He's on the front line as a rifleman, and he's nearly killed one night by German eight millimeter artillery. And he learned a very valuable lesson, which is when you're on the front line, don't move. Do not move, because if you move, you're going to get spotted."

"Most nights, we'd be awakened by the bombs that were going off around us," Bennett recalled in his autobiography, per Military.com. "On the front line, we'd see dead soldiers, dead horses and big craters in the ground where bombs had exploded. To me, it's a joke that they make 'horror' movies about things like ‘Dracula’ and ‘Godzilla,’ and they make 'adventure' movies about war. War is far more horrifying than anything anyone could dream up."

In March 1945, Bennett and his company pushed into Germany, where they began taking back German towns from the Nazi armed forces house by house. The singer and about 1,000 other troops were later taken off the front lines to watch legendary entertainer Bob Hope perform at a USO show.



The future singer was sent to the front lines to reinforce the Allied Forces after the Battle of the Bulge. Bettmann/Getty Images© Bettmann/Getty Images

"I guess that's the reward for all of that action and a relief," Myers said. "And he was absolutely taken. He had never seen Bob Hope before. And he's absolutely swept away by Hope's optimism and how beloved he was and how he could win over a crowd."

"All the GIs loved him so much for boosting our dismally low morale," Bennett wrote. "He became a big part of the reason I went into show business, because at that moment he made me realize that the greatest gift you can give anyone is a laugh or a song."

For his final mission, Bennett and his company were sent to liberate a concentration camp south of the Dachau Concentration Camp in Germany.


During his service, Bennett saw Bob Hope perform at a USO show, which inspired him to become a singer. 

Irving Haberman/IH Images/Getty Images© Irving Haberman/IH Images/Getty Images

"His unit actually had to fight to take it over," Myers said. "Many of the concentration camps that were liberated, the Germans had already abandoned and killed as many people as they possibly could and just abandoned everybody there. And when Allies showed up, they basically found an empty camp. But in Tony's case, they had to fight their way to the camp because soldiers were sticking to their guns. And they weren't fleeing. They were staying there."

"Many writers have recorded what it was like in the concentration camps much more eloquently than I ever could, so I won't even try to describe it," Bennett wrote in his autobiography. "Just let me say I'll never forget the desperate faces and empty stares of the prisoners as they wandered aimlessly around the campgrounds.

TONY BENNETT DEAD AT 96: CARRIE UNDERWOOD, FRAN DRESCHER AND ELTON JOHN REACT TO ICONIC SINGER'S PASSING

"We immediately got food and water to the survivors, but they had been brutalized for so long, they couldn't believe that we were there to help them and not to kill them."

Myers told Fox News Digital that Bennett would tear up when he recalled the horror and fear on the faces of the survivors.


After the war, Bennett was transferred to a Special Services unit to entertain the remaining Allied soldiers. 

Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images© Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images

"He was in charge of getting them food and getting them medical care and logistics," Myers said. "All of these emaciated people thought that they were there to kill them. Even though they had food for these people and even though they had care and doctors and people running around, and clearly they were so horrified, their faces were horrified, not eager to kill more. The people were just convinced that they were going to be wiped out by this unit. And it took awhile for them to win over the trust of these people."

WWII ended in Europe on May 8, 1945 with the unconditional surrender of Germany's armed forces. Since Bennett had only served for four months in the war, he had to stay with the occupying forces. He was transferred to a Special Services unit to entertain the remaining Allied soldiers and began singing with the 314th Army Special Services Band under the name Joe Bari.

During this time, he was demoted and assigned to grave-digging duty for having Thanksgiving dinner with a Black soldier who was one of Bennett's friends from school. At the time, the armed forces were segregated by race. Bennett said that his experience with racial segregation in the military drove him to become a civil rights activist who later marched alongside Martin Luther King Jr. at Selma.


Bennett told journalist and author Marc Myers that he felt "like a completely different person" after the war. 

Joseph Prezioso/AFP via Getty Images© Joseph Prezioso/AFP via Getty Images

A week after Bennett was demoted, a colonel found out about the incident and sent him to an orchestra, where he continued performing as Joe Bari. After the war, Bennett would again encounter Hope, who gave him the stage name Tony Bennett.

In 1946, Bennett sailed home to New York and was honorably discharged on Aug. 15. Myers recalled that Bennett said he felt "like a completely different person" when he first stepped back onto American soil.

"He said, ‘I was more empathetic. And I was thankful to be alive. Thankful for the rest of my life.’" Myers told Fox News Digital. 'And he said he had a much keener sense of justice and injustice after what he had witnessed."

Tony Bennett dead at 96

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WTVR Richmond, VARemembering Tony Bennett, who left his heart to generations of music fans

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ISRAEL DEMOCRACY PROTESTS

Student protestor Bar Pakula vows to continue despite multiple arrests

Story by By I. H. MINTZ • The Jerusalem Post

Saturday, July 22,2023

Bar Pakula.© (photo credit: I.H. Mintz)

Bar Pakula, one of the leaders of the student protests, appeared vigilant and prepared to continue his fight for democracy, following his arrest late Thursday night outside of Hashalom Train Station in Tel Aviv, marking the third time in three weeks he’s been arrested for “disruption to order.”

“The situation is so fragile and critical right now,” Pakula, 27, said on Friday. “[The protests are] an epic show of civic power” to combat the coalition’s intent to finalize legislation that would revoke the ability of the High Court of Justice to justify decisions based on the reasonableness clause. The Knesset is attempting to finalize legislation before they go on break on July 31.

Pakula added that “the basic DNA of this country is on the line… its democratic [ideals], separation of government entities, and a certain place for [the Jewish] religion.”

Pakula was one of several arrested Thursday night outside of Hashalom and was later released.

He explained that “I was one of the people [directing people] and shouting to make people go places. One of the senior officers came running to me [and said], ‘you made them go down [to block the Ayalon Highway],’ which is a big accusation for one person [to accomplish] in a crowd of thousands.”



Bar Pakula. (credit: I.H. Mintz)© Provided by The Jerusalem PostBar Pakula. (credit: I.H. Mintz)

The student protesters gathered at Habima Square earlier in the evening before making their way to Hashalom Station, where hundreds gathered following Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s speech, which further inflamed public opposition.


What did Netanyahu say?

In the speech, Netanyahu faulted IDF reservists for threatening to cease volunteer duties and chastised the opposition for what he called its failure to come to the negotiation table on judicial reform talks.

Pakula said that “we’re not going in a good direction right now,” referring to the introduction of water cannons at the protests – a tactic that hadn’t been used against demonstrators until recent weeks.

“The government can’t go and do whatever they want – we’re seeing [National Security Minister Itamar] Ben-Gvir trying to pass a law for administrative detention [in response to any] ‘disruption to order’ – the general reason they arrest protesters,” in effect giving him the ability to arrest those deemed unsafe to the public sphere.

“The government can’t go and do whatever they want."Bar Pakula

The legislation was presented in the context of acts of terrorism, not public protests.

Pakula was not a political activist prior to joining the protests in January, following the election of the new coalition. After the election, friends turned against him due to their political differences, a significant reckoning where he felt like his only options were to leave the country or stay and fight for his vision of the identity of the nation.

“These protests give them [the groups participating in civil disobedience] the backing and feeling that what they’re doing is important for the country, and that are hundreds of thousands of Israelis that are standing behind them giving them the energy to do what they believe in.

“The way we come out from these protests is going to dictate how this country looks and whether or not you can live freely and be who you are, whether you’re Jewish or not, whether you’re a woman or a man or transgender or whatever your sexual orientation – all of that is on the line.”

Pakula recognizes that the police must continue to do their job while maintaining that “every time there is a call to protest, there is a big emphasis on non-violence. We have no reason to be violent, and that’s not what we believe in. The police may be acting more harshly, but there is a very strong limit to what [police] can do with public legitimacy. In the end, they’re doing their job and are under a lot of pressure.”

Police did not respond to a request for comment.

Medical marijuana licensing: Israeli patients aren't benefitting anymore

Story by By TROY O. FRITZHAND 
The Jerusalem Post,  Saturday, July 22,2023

CANONIC PUTS its plants through rigorous testing, ensuring the best product for their patients© (photo credit: Troy O. Fritzhand)

Despite its size, it’s the third largest medical marijuana exporter in the world, with more than 30 licensed growers around the country – some, like Rehovot’s Canonic, using cutting-edge technology to develop new strains of cannabis to treat physical and mental ailments.

However, at the same time, many of the 120,000 or so Israelis with licenses to use medical cannabis have been facing rising costs, more bureaucracy, and more difficulties in obtaining their supply.

In order to qualify for a medical marijuana license, a patient must be afflicted with a disorder or disease such as PTSD, chronic pain, epilepsy, and Crohn’s.
Medical marijuana system

According to Modi’in resident Harry Rubenstein, Israel’s medical marijuana system has completely abandoned patients like himself.


CANTEK-brand medical cannabis in at their indoor growing facility in Mavki'im, in southern Israel. 

 (credit: RAPHAEL KADISHZON)

Rubenstein, who was diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis, a form of arthritis, first became licensed seven years ago when the system required a standard payment by all patients of NIS 370 per month, for which you could receive your prescribed amount in grams. He noted that while inexpensive, this system led to long lines at the few stores at which it was possible to pick up the marijuana.

However, new laws have made it so that patients like him have to struggle immensely, and pay a hefty price, to get their prescriptions. The licensing process requires that patients must reapply for a license every six months or one year. This in itself was a hassle, but now an additional letter is needed from a psychiatrist, for which appointments are filled up for over a year, preventing many patients from renewing their licenses, and as a result forcing them to turn to the much pricier black market for their medicine.

To make matters worse for some, the monthly payment system no longer exists, and now patients must purchase their marijuana in 10-gram batches. The average price for 10 grams is NIS 400, yet Rubenstein’s monthly prescribed amount is 30 grams. This means that his monthly medical cost has increased from NIS 370 to NIS 1,200, something that to him makes no sense.

Despite the long wait for a license, “consultants” can be paid thousands of shekels to speed up the process. Rubenstein said he “doesn’t know who benefits from this system.” He added that it is so easy to get known dangerous drugs, such as opioids, whereas medical marijuana is much more difficult to receive.

The process has become somewhat easier for certain patients. According to regulations passed by the Knesset Health Committee in June, patients suffering from epilepsy, Crohn’s, dementia, autism, malignant cancers, multiple sclerosis, or AIDS, and terminally ill patients who are not expected to live for more than six months, will not require a license to purchase medical marijuana. This, however, does not help patients like Rubenstein, who is forced to “deal with the headache and stress” of the “backward” system.

INTERESTINGLY, THE medical marijuana industry in many ways finds its roots in the Holy Land.

In 1964, Hebrew University researchers Raphael Mechoulam and Yechiel Gaoni first isolated THC, the active compound in marijuana, setting off what ultimately began a gradual but progressive international movement toward medical usage of marijuana, and in certain places recreational. Mechoulam remained the foremost global researcher on marijuana until his death in 2003.

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In the 1990s, marijuana became legal for medical use, and according to Dr. Arnon Afek, the acting chief physician of the Israel Cannabis Association, as well as the associate director-general of Sheba Medical Center and former director-general of the Health Ministry, the industry has made leaps and bound since then.

From the point of view of the ministry, he said, cannabis should be like any other prescription drug, because it “can really help people.” But for that to happen, it needs more structure.

“When you speak of medical-grade cannabis, it is not the same as growing at home, which is illegal; it must be grown [in] the right conditions.... You have, for example, patients with chemotherapy... or children with epilepsy.... You need structure,” he said.

Regarding the price increase, he said that in the world of medicine today, it is “impossible” to maintain the price levels as in the past. It isn’t reasonable to charge the same amount for varying prescriptions of cannabis. For example, with any other drug, if there were options for 400 mg. or 800 mg., the prices would not be the same.

That being said, Afek sympathizes with patients who have to pay more, and offered a more suitable solution – namely, adding marijuana to the health basket. “The larger question is why do people have to pay if it is a medicine?”

As for the long wait times, he said it is a huge issue, “one of the worst problems the Israeli healthcare system is facing, not just in [the case of] cannabis.” For this reason, he is trying to fix the problem of a lack of physicians and healthcare professionals and is working to open a state-of-the-art private medical institution at Reichman University.

Medical marijuana is medicine, he stresses, so barriers must be in place, and prescriptions should be “based on medical consultations.” This is why psychiatric evaluations are necessary. From his words, it appears the medical establishment is working hard to help patients, even if they may not always feel the benefits.

Tour of the R&D facilities

AT THE TASE- and NASDAQ-traded Canonic, a subsidy of Evogene, CEO Ofer Haviv gave The Jerusalem Post a tour of the R&D facilities (the biggest in Israel) and explained how the company tests new strains of cannabis.

Evogene specializes in the manipulation of plants to produce a better crop. It does this along the farming cycle in everything from corn to marijuana. For cannabis, the keys are genomics and chemistry. According to Haviv, the company “combines the two to find the best match and strain” for patients. The company’s director of plant breeding, Dr. Michi Brog, described the process of closed-environment growing.

In their research, they have discovered how the plant affects the pain levels of specific areas of the human body. In doing this, Canonic is able to grow strains that are nearly perfectly targeted at specific patients’ needs, ensuring that those like Rubenstein can receive the best possible care.

These agricultural advancements are heavily aided by artificial intelligence, something new and unique in the field of cannabis. This works by connecting the metabolites, molecules that aid in signaling, such as THC, with areas such as stress and pain. They call it “Indicator AI,” and it is used in their ChemPassAI and GeneRator AI systems.

Haviv said that it “takes all the data to maximize clinical effects, give a premium appearance, and profitable production.” The data included in the company’s AI system calculations are things such as the plant’s genetics and chemistry. As a result, they have seen a 20% increase in THC over the past two years and a much better product for their patients.

Inside their greenhouses – where they are growing currently, not in fully indoor settings, which are planned for the near future – the pungent smell of marijuana is present. They are mainly selling plants, though producing some oils. Their cannabis is sold under their own brand but also white-labeled to other brands selling in the country. Israel is the only place they sell today, in roughly 110 pharmacies.

That supply also reaches the streets, via apps like Telegrass and other outlets, despite the official illegal status of cannabis in Israel. Recreational usage is everywhere, and in Tel Aviv it’s impossible to walk down a street or by a café and not get a whiff of the sweet smell of burning marijuana. Despite attempts at bills to legalize recreational usage, political considerations of various parties will likely keep cannabis in the official no-go status. But in essence, for personal usage, it’s anything goes, making Israel one of the most cannabis-friendly countries in the world, on par with legal locations like Amsterdam, Colorado, and California.

Haviv laments the rising cost of medical marijuana in the country, something he aims to fight, though this has been difficult due to the increase in international growers selling in the country, who flood the market with very high prices for high-quality product and very low prices for low-quality product.

This was echoed by Modi’in patient Rubenstein, who said that there is no shortage of very high-quality medical marijuana in Israel – if your budget suits it.

For those who need it, though, it’s not a luxury. And the challenge facing the industry going forward is how to provide people like Rubenstein with the proper care for their specific needs without breaking the bank.

How Canada is a children's TV powerhouse, from ‘You Can’t Do That On Television,’ to ‘Paw Patrol’

Story by Natalie Coulter, Associate Professor of Communication Studies, and Director of the Institute for Research on Digital Literacies, York University, Canada

The Conversation• Yesterday

The 'Paw Patrol' balloon makes its way down Central Park West during the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade in New York, in November 2022.

© (AP Photo/Julia Nikhinson)

The children’s show Paw Patrol, launched by Spin Master Entertainment 10 years ago, is broadcast in more than 30 languages across nearly 180 countries and reaches 350 million households. Retail sales of Paw Patrol merchandise have surpassed US$14 billion.

Yet, despite its huge international success, it isn’t celebrated as a Canadian success in the same way other Canadian TV shows such as Schitt’s Creek or Murdoch Mysteries have been.

A recent Globe and Mail article on the boom in Canada’s children’s TV noted that “Canadians are working on the highest quality content, globally.”

Shows like Big Blue, created by Ghanian Canadian animator Gyimah Gariba, have global reach and have received critical acclaim. Big Blue follows adventures of two Black siblings in an underwater universe and airs on CBC Kids, Nicktoons in the United Kingdom and the Cartoon Network in Africa.

Yet, there is little awareness here in Canada of the country’s global reach in children’s television content production.



Near and dear to our hearts

In the past 70 years, shows such as Fraggle Rock (1983-87 and 2022), You Can’t Do That On Television (1979–90) and Caillou (1997-2010 and 2023) have become internationally renowned.

Many of these shows are near and dear to our hearts and we hold deep nostalgia for them. Mr. Dressup (1967-96) for example, was voted as Canada’s most memorable (English) television show in a Twitter battle hosted by CBC journalist Justin McElroy. The show handily beat The Kids in the Hall (also well-loved, and now back in a new series on Prime).

Children’s media is massively under-researched or ignored in scholarship about Canadian cultural industries, and similarly in overlapping areas like Canadian media studies, media history, children’s studies or even Canadian children’s history.

Redefining values and representation

There is a long history of children’s TV shows produced in French. For example, Bobino (1957-85), featured a whimsical friend and his little sister. Passe-Partout originally ran between 1977-92, featuring playful human characters and a family of puppets that are still cherished today. The show relaunched in 2019 and is still running.

Originally financed by Québec’s Department of Education, Passe-Partout was so popular that adults who grew up watching the original show are often referred to as the Passe-Partout generation.

There is also a rich history of television content by Indigenous creators. Takuginai, launched in 1986 and still running, is produced by the Inuit Broadcasting Corporation. It has over 800 episodes that blend animation, live hosts and puppets. These are featured alongside documentary film clips of Elders and local artists teaching Inuktitut and Inuit culture.



Other Indigenous shows include the stop-motion series Wapos Bay (2005–11), that traces the adventures of four children from a Cree community in northern Saskatchewan. Vistas (2009) is a short film series on nationhood produced in collaboration between the National Film Board and APTN from 13 Indigenous filmmakers.



In the past 70 years, many of these aforementioned shows have contributed significantly to redefining national values and symbols and contributed to a fuller picture of cultural and racialized diversity. But as research from the Children’s Media Lab at Toronto Metropolitan University indicates, there is still a ways to go with representing children across the country.

Canada as hub

Canada is also an international hub for the children’s entertainment industry.

For example, the children’s media program at Centennial College is world-renowned, as is Sheridan College’s animation program. And Kidscreen — the top trade publication for the global children’s entertainment industry — is produced in Toronto, demonstrating the depth of cultural capital here.

Children’s TV is one of our country’s biggest media exports. According to a recent report by the Canadian Media Producers Association, in 2021-22 Canadian children’s and youth television companies co-produced $73 million of content in partnership with other countries (such as the U.K. and France) making this content the largest contributor to Canada’s television.

Children’s media and policy, funding decisions

We are missing an appreciation of our history. Canadian children’s television has shaped children’s media around the world and has had a big impact on how media should tell stories to child audiences.

For example, much of Nickelodeon’s early programming was Canadian children’s TV often produced by local TV stations. Shows such as You Can’t Do That On Television (1979–90) and Today’s Special (1981-87) were the backbone of the station’s programming schedule, and were revolutionary in positioning the child audience as an empowered citizen.

Without an appreciation for Canada’s long history of children’s media production, the danger exists that the industry won’t be prioritized in policy decisions or in funding opportunities.

For example, the Canadian government is currently struggling to figure out how to regulate streaming content with Bill C-11, the Online Streaming Act. It is unclear how the bill will impact the industry and the content that Canadian children have access to.

Museum exhibits: telling the stories

If you are looking for something to do this summer, there are two museum exhibits that rectify this oversight in unknown stories of Canadian children’s media.

The Canadian Museum of History, in Ottawa-Gatineau, is currently holding a special exhibit called From Pepinot to Paw Patrol — Television of our Childhoods, until Sept. 1, 2023, covering 70 years of Canadian children’s TV from coast to coast to coast.

Featuring 100 shows and 85 artifacts, the exhibit aims to create an intergenerational and intercultural experience for the whole family.

On a smaller scale, Myseum in Toronto, in its exhibit From Mr. Dressup to Degrassi: 42 Years of Legendary Toronto Kids TV, on until Aug. 19, 2023, focuses on celebrating children’s TV programs produced in Toronto from the 1950s to 1990s.

These two exhibits are a start in reclaiming the legacies of Canadian children’s media. Let’s hope this new recognition for these rich productions and these not-so-well-known cultural exports will be the start of a new beginning.

Olivier Côté from the Canadian History Museum co-authored this story.

This article is republished from The Conversation, a nonprofit news site dedicated to sharing ideas from academic experts.

Read more:

Caillou cancelled by PBS: Kids’ TV is now more diverse, but must do better

How the Online Streaming Act will support Canadian content

Migrants face misery in Tunisia. Rights activists fear that the EU deal will make things even worse

• Saturday, July 22, 2023

Migrants face misery in Tunisia. Rights activists fear that the EU deal will make things even worse© Provided by The Canadian Press

TUNIS, Tunisia (AP) — Migrants in Tunisia’s port city of Sfax who are aiming to make Europe their new home are now sharing the burden and the blame for escalating tensions deeply tinged with racism, amid the fears of European leaders who are trying to stanch the numbers of people arriving at their shores.

The antagonism that exploded in recent weeks in Sfax between Tunisians and mainly Black sub-Saharan migrants is widely seen as a turning point in how this North African nation deals with migration.

European leaders are offering millions to Tunisia amid the abuses, and activists fear a migration summit in Rome on Sunday will pursue an anti-migrant vision that puts the onus on Africa to keep Africans out of Europe.

Hundreds of migrants have drowned at sea trying to reach Italy in fragile boats, but now migrants awaiting their chance to cross the Mediterranean cower in fear, some beaten or bused by authorities to new destinations, others dumped in the desert.

Musa Khalid from Congo was among a group of migrants expelled from Tunisia and found by Libyan border guards huddling in a barren zone last weekend. He said that Tunisian officials took their belongings and money before transferring them out of the Tunisian port city of Sfax and dropping them off without food or water.

“As we tried to enter Tunisia again, they beat us badly. They broke my hand and hit my head," he told the Associated Press near the Al Assa border point in Libya, holding up a wrist wrapped in cloth. "We are in the desert now for several days. Sir, please.”

Human rights activists from North Africa, West Africa and Europe met in Tunis this week and denounced the upcoming Rome meeting, predicting that it will amount to a bartering of values for financial incentives to stave off migrants from European shores.

“Today, the Mediterranean’s calling is no longer to be a bridge between two shores, but a wall separating all of Europe from all of the African continent,” said the Tunisian Forum for Economic and Social Rights, which organized the Thursday meeting.

Italy is trying to decrease the number of migrant arrivals and stabilize Tunisia, in its worst economic crisis in a generation. Thousands of migrants have arrived in Sfax this year, but there's no solid figure of how many are in the city, or how many have left since the anti-migrant campaign started.

Tunisia has become the main stepping stone to Italy, Europe's gateway, replacing Libya, where widespread abuse of migrants has been reported. Of the 76,325 migrant arrivals in Italy so far this year until last Sunday, 44,151 took the sea route from Tunisia compared to 28,842 leaving from Libya, according to the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees.

That is pushing up numbers in the reception center in Italy’s southernmost island of Lampedusa, with officials saying 2,500 people were at the site on Sunday following the arrival of 266 overnight.

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President Kais Saied, Tunisia’s increasingly authoritarian leader, stoked racist reactions to migrants in February, saying that sub-Saharan Africans arriving in huge numbers are part of a plot to erase Tunisia’s Islamic identity. He has since tried to walk back such pronouncements, denying racist views and saying the migrant issue must be treated at its roots.

That’s one intent of the Rome conference, which will gather nearly 20 heads of state and government or ministers from the Middle East to the Sahel and North Africa, along with European Commission chief Ursula von der Leyen and an array of financial institutions.

The one-day summit is part of Italian Premier Giorgia Meloni’s efforts to position Italy at the center of issues impacting the Mediterranean. The conference aims to come up with concrete proposals to decrease migration numbers by addressing the root causes, while combating migrant trafficking. It will also discuss energy policies, including ways to diversify energy sources, and climate change.

It's widely viewed by human rights advocates as a road map for what is to come.

The Rome summit comes a week after Saied signed a memorandum of understanding for a “comprehensive strategic partnership” in a meeting that included Meloni and von der Leyen. Financial details weren't released, but the EU has held out the promise of nearly 1 billion euros ($1.1 billion) to help restart Tunisia’s hobbled economy, and 100 million euros ($111 million) for border control as well as search and rescue missions at sea and repatriating immigrants without residence permits.

Despite signing the deal, the Tunisian president has stressed in the past that Tunisia won't become Europe’s border guard or serve as a land of resettlement.

Human rights organizations say that bartering money for lives is a betrayal of values. For some opponents, such deals are a new form of neo-colonialism.

“The EU risks not only perpetuating (human rights abuses) but also emboldening repressive rulers, who can brag about warmer relations with European partners while claiming credit for securing financial support for their failing economies," New York-based Human Rights Watch said ahead of the Rome summit.

With high hopes smashed, migrants cower in fear of the anti-migrant backlash that has forced many from their shelters in Sfax and onto buses to unknown parts.

Tunisian security forces had dumped at least 500 migrants in the desert border zone with Libya earlier this month, but they were transferred July 10 to other regions of Tunisia, according to the Red Crescent.

Some were forgotten.

Libyan border guards said on June 16 that in the past few days they had found at least six men and women and children stranded under temperatures above 40 C (104 F). That is in addition to a group they came across that day, when they rescued migrants who had been huddling in the hot desert for several days near the Al Assa border point. The scene was filmed by The Associated Press.

“There are people affected as a result of the cruelty and beating ... by Tunisian border guards,” said commander of Al-Assa Desert Border Guard, Maj. Ayman Al-Qadri, carefully adding that he was citing migrants’ statements.

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Elaine Ganley reported from Paris. Colleen Barry contributed to this report from Milan.

Bouazza Ben Bouazza And Elaine Ganley, The Associated Press

Italy's Meloni seeks broad cooperation to stanch flows of migrants to Europe with aid to Africa

• Saturday, July 22, 2023

ROME (AP) — Italian Premier Giorgia Meloni on Sunday called for new, more equal relationships between Europe and migrants’ countries of origin and transit as she convened a summit of some 20 nations, EU officials and international organizations aimed at stanching flows of illegal migration.

The one-day conference is a Meloni initiative that aims to make Italy a leader in resolving issues impacting Mediterranean nations. Chief among them is migration, as Italy sustains hundreds of new arrivals daily on Europe's southern border, but also energy as Europe looks to Africa and the Middle East to permanently replace Russian supplies.

Human rights groups see the meeting, which includes nations from both northern and sub-Saharan Africa as well as the Middle East, as creating a future roadmap, and worry it will amount to anti-migrant policies that put the onus on Africa to keep Africans out of Europe.

Meloni told the opening meeting that Western arrogance had likely stood in the way of solutions to the migrant issue. She proposed four main prongs for future cooperation: fighting criminal organizations trafficking migrants, better managing flows of migrants, supporting refugees and helping countries of origin.

“The West too often has given the impression of being more interested in giving lessons rather than lending a hand,’’ Meloni said. “It is probably this diffidence that has made it difficult to make progress on solutions.”

She said if flows were better managed there would be more room for legal migration. In her closing press conference, Meloni emphasized that there were no legal means of entry for many people who might have a case for refugee status, because quotas are filled by those who arrive illegally.

"Until yesterday, we had the mentality that said migration cannot be limited, it is a right, borders don't exist. That is not my approach because borders exist, migration must be managed,'' Meloni said.

She said the participants welcomed the conference's concrete, goal-oriented approach, and noted that the United Arab Emirates had pledged 100 million euros to help improve conditions in countries where poverty and a lack of services is pushing emigration.

“In an era where so much attention is given to the right to migrate, we are not paying sufficient attention to the right to not be forced to emigrate, to not be forced to flee their own homes, to not be forced to abandon their land and leave family members in search of a new life," Meloni said during opening remarks.

The conference comes against the backdrop of migrants being pushed back from Tunisia into Libya, where they are stuck in the desert, many exposed to the harsh elements.

Pope Francis, in his traditional Sunday blessing, called on leaders in Europe and Africa to find a solution to the thousands of people who are blocked at borders in North Africa.

“Thousands of them have been experiencing indescribable suffering for weeks, and have been trapped and abandoned in deserts,'' the pontiff said. “May the Mediterranean no longer be a theater of death and inhumanity,’’ the pope said, calling for a sense of “fraternity, solidarity and welcoming.”

The Rome summit comes a week after one of the key participants, Tunisian President Kais Saied, signed a memorandum of understanding for a “comprehensive strategic partnership” in a meeting that included Meloni and EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen.

Financial details weren’t released, but the EU has held out the promise of nearly 1 billion euros ($1.1 billion) to help restart Tunisia’s hobbled economy, and 100 million euros ($111 million) for border control as well as search and rescue missions at sea and repatriating immigrants without residence permits.

Saied told the conference said that Tunisia would not allow Europe-bound migrants to settle in the country and that Tunisia will not be a “corridor for outlaws.”

He called for the establishment of a new global financial institution to tackle the root causes of migration and create prosperity and hope in poor countries.

Migrants pay traffickers thousands to make the perilous journey across Africa’s deserts. Many report suffering torture and other abuse along the way. And hundreds drown each year at sea trying to reach Europe in fragile boats.

More than 1,900 migrants have died or gone missing and are presumed missing in the Mediterranean so far this year, bringing the total of dead and missing since 2014 to 27,675, according to the International Organization for Migration. A further 483 are dead or missing in Africa this year.

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Follow AP’s coverage of global migration and hub link at https://apnews.com/hub/migration.
The Associated Press

Tunisia migration deal a model for others, EU's von der Leyen says



Reuters
Sun, July 23, 2023 at

ROME (Reuters) - The European Union's pact with Tunisia can serve as a model for other countries, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said on Sunday, as the EU struggles to stem unauthorised flows of migrants across the Mediterranean.

The EU and Tunisia last week signed a "strategic partnership" deal that includes cracking down on human traffickers and tightening borders.

Europe also pledged 1 billion euros ($1.1 billion) in aid to help Tunisia with its battered economy and rescue state finances.

"We want our agreement with Tunisia to be a template. A blueprint for the future. For partnerships with other countries in the region," von der Leyen told a conference in Rome.

She said the EU should offer a legal pathway to take in migrants rather than them risking their lives in perilous sea crossings.

New strategic partnerships would incorporate economic development, trade and investment, with mutual advantages in areas such as climate and renewable energy.

"This Mediterranean region has vast natural resources like sun, wind and immense landscapes in abundance. You have the potential and the ambition to be global energy powerhouses in a net-zero world," she said, citing Europe's hydrogen partnerships with Egypt and Morocco. ($1 = 0.8990 euros)

(Reporting by Angelo Amante; Writing by Foo Yun Chee; Editing by Keith Weir)

Artificial intelligence boom generates optimism in tech sector as stocks soar

Story by Dan Milmo Global technology editor • THE GUARDIAN - July 22,2023

US tech companies started the year in the doldrums, beset by a cost overhang from excessively zealous pandemic hiring sprees and fears about the impact of rising interest rates. Things were looking grim – then along came artificial intelligence (AI).

Tech stocks and the blue-chip S&P 500 index have since been buoyed by breakthroughs in generative AI – led by the ChatGPT chatbot – and the promise of a new era of growth for the sector. The S&P 500 is up 18.6% so far in 2023 while the tech-heavy Nasdaq composite is up 35.7%. Six months is a long time in a fast-moving industry.

Five of the biggest beneficiaries of the US tech resurgence report quarterly results over the next two weeks: Facebook owner Meta, Google parent Alphabet, Apple, Amazon and Microsoft.

Each has individual factors at play in their recent stock performances, but the AI frenzy has provided a general lift to the sector. Chipmaker Nvidia, which reported its three-monthly results in May, is the emblem of the revival – becoming a $1tn company off demand for its products to provide processing power for the new technology.

Big tech is a “torchbearer” for the stock boom around AI, says Dan Ives, managing director at US financial company Wedbush Securities, who predicts that spending on such ventures could reach as much as $800bn (£625bn) over the next decade.

“Heading into the second half of 2023, we see a much broader tech rally ahead as investors further digest the ramifications of this $800bn AI spending wave on the horizon and what this means for the software, chip, hardware and tech ecosystem over the next year,” he says.

Ives adds that Microsoft, Amazon and Alphabet are benefiting through their cloud computing services – which rent out server capacity to companies – because cloud services are being used to train and operate generative AI models, the data-hungry networks that power chatbots and image generators.

“We view this as a ‘1995 internet moment’... not a ‘1999 dot bubble moment’. We estimate for 2024 that AI could comprise up to 8% to 10% of overall IT budgets v [approximately] 1% in 2023,” he says.

But some investment professionals urge caution. Hyun Ho Sohn, portfolio manager of Fidelity’s global technology fund, said last week that the tech sector had become a “very narrow, thematically driven market” fuelled by generative AI. Indeed, US tech stocks had a wobble on Thursday after investors reacted poorly to the latest results from Tesla and Netflix.

“It is important to remain cautious – or perhaps realistic,” he says. “Every technology company seems to be pitching an AI angle.”

James Knightley, chief international economist at ING in New York, says the macroeconomic picture for US stocks is tough, thanks to retail sales slowing and industrial production contracting.

“My personal view is that there is little on the macro side that is driving the rally in stocks. It is more a market belief that recession risks are not quite as high as they were previously and that while AI and tech advances have the potential to boost economic activity, it is the companies that are driving this that will gain most of the rewards,” he says.

The AI frenzy aside, tech companies are not immune to the wider US (and global) economy, with Apple forecast to post a drop in revenue. Meta, for instance, is exposed to macroeconomic conditions, owing to its reliance on advertising revenue.

Tony Sycamore, analyst at online trading platform IG, says the good news from Meta’s AI initiatives, its launch of “Twitter killer” Threads and tough action on costs is already reflected in its share price. “The danger of elevated expectations against a 136% rise in the share price is that a lot of good news is already in the price,” he says.

AI, however, is generating a convincing answer to any concerns.

ChatGPT and Threads reflect the challenges of fast tech adoption

 Omar H. Fares, Lecturer in the Ted Rogers School of Retail Management, Toronto Metropolitan University 

Seung Hwan (Mark) Lee, Professor and Associate Dean of Engagement & Inclusion, Ted Rogers School of Management, Toronto Metropolitan University 

•  THE CONVERSATION , July 21,2023

Meta’s Threads platform experienced a significant drop in users recently.© (AP Photo/Richard Drew)

ChatGPT recently experienced a decline in user engagement for the first time since its launch in November 2022. From May to June, engagement dropped 9.7 per cent, with the largest decline — 10.3 per cent — occurring in the United States.

Meanwhile, Meta’s Threads platform experienced a significant drop in user numbers, going from more than 49 million users on July 7 to 23.6 million active users by July 14. In the same time frame, the average time users in the U.S. spent on the app dropped from a peak of 21 minutes in early July to just above six minutes.

In the tech world, companies are always racing to be the first ones to introduce new innovations, aiming for the “first mover’s advantage.” This refers to a firm’s ability to get a head start over competitors by being the first to enter a new product category or market.

However, being a trailblazer doesn’t guarantee an easy ride. While there are perceived benefits, there are also a plethora of challenges that arise.

The recent declines of Threads and ChatGPT attest to this reality, demonstrating that rapid and widespread acceptance doesn’t necessarily lead to long-term success.

There are a few reasons why a fast adoption isn’t necessarily the key to success including unsustainable growth, inadequate scaling infrastructure and a lack of user retention strategies.

Unsustainable growth

The idea of unsustainable growth stems from a platform’s inability to uphold or maintain the quality of the user experience while scaling up at a rapid pace.

This is where the real challenge lies: being able to effectively scale up a product or service. It is precisely at this junction that the concept of unsustainable growth intersects with the Gartner Hype Cycle.

The Gartner Hype Cycle is a model that shows the stages of emerging technology adoption: from the initial hype and inflated expectations, through disillusionment and skepticism, to practical and mainstream productivity.



A graph illustrating how ChatGPT and Threads fit into the Gartner Hype Cycle.

© (Omar H. Fares and Seung Hwan Lee)

In the context of unsustainable growth, products like ChatGPT and Threads appear to have reached the stage known as “peak of inflated expectations,” where the publicity of a new product generates over-enthusiasm and unrealistic expectations. During this stage, users rapidly adopt the product due to its novelty and the hype surrounding it.

However, this stage often leads to the “trough of disillusionment.” During this stage, the product fails to meet users’ unrealistic expectations, causing a decline in their interest.

It indicates the product’s growth may have outpaced its ability to provide an excellent user experience. Without enhancing the product based on user feedback, declining user engagement will ensue.

This rise and fall underscores the challenge of achieving sustainable growth in the face of rapid adoption. The initial hype often attracts a massive influx of users, but without a clear, scalable strategy for maintaining quality and engagement, platforms can quickly lose their appeal.

Inadequate scaling infrastructure


ChatGPT recently experienced a decline in user engagement for the first time this year since its launch in November 2022.© (AP Photo/Richard Drew)

When a platform’s user base expands at a rapid pace, the question of whether that platform’s infrastructure can scale to the demands of its users becomes critical.

The sudden influx of users that accompanies a successful product launch can be a double-edged sword; it brings a wealth of opportunities for data collection, user feedback and revenue, but also tests the scalability of the platform’s infrastructure.

If the underlying technology, support services or operational strategies are not built to scale, the product might suffer from slow loading times, frequent crashes or a lack of timely customer support — all of which are detrimental to the user experience and a product’s long-term success.

For instance, OpenAI, the company behind ChatGPT, had to limit ChatGPT-4 users to 25 messages every three hours due to infrastructure constraints — even for those with a paid membership. While this helps manage the infrastructure load, it presents a challenge from the user’s perspective.

Users who were accustomed to unlimited interactions with ChatGPT-3 now find themselves paying for a service with limitations. This may inadvertently dampen user engagement and drive some users away, underscoring the delicate balance between managing infrastructure and maintaining user satisfaction.

Lack of user retention strategies

One reason why tech businesses struggle to retain users is because they don’t prioritize user-centered design. By failing to incorporate user feedback in product development, businesses can end up offering a product that doesn’t meet user needs.

In addition, businesses must provide effective support for users. Insufficient or unclear onboarding may leave users feeling lost and overwhelmed, leading them to abandon the product. In the case of ChatGPT, OpenAI provides a basic explanation of platform usage, but users are primarily responsible for exploring it themselves.

Users experiment with prompts without a clear understanding of how to generate impactful responses, resulting in uncertainty and frustration. This lack of guidance may contribute to lower engagement rates, as observed in the recent decline.

Read more: ChatGPT could be a game-changer for marketers, but it won't replace humans any time soon

Lastly, increasing concerns about security threats and privacy have raised questions about how new technologies are protecting their users. The conflict between the need for more personalized experiences and privacy can give rise to a phenomenon called the personalization-privacy paradox.

As individuals grow increasingly uneasy about how their personal information is stored, the lack of proper regulations can lead to a decline in the use of personalized services or technologies.

While rapid user adoption is a promising start, it doesn’t guarantee long-term success. Striking the right balance between growth and infrastructure scalability, adopting a user-centric approach, maintaining user trust and investing in continuous innovation are the cornerstones for enduring success in the competitive tech landscape.

This article is republished from The Conversation, a nonprofit news site dedicated to sharing ideas from academic experts.

Read more:

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